A thesis submitted in patial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Development Planning Management and Innovation

Thesis (M. Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2025

Cox{u2019}s Bazar, positioned in the southeast of Bangladesh, features a long stretch of coastline and plays a pivotal role in the country's salt industry, offering income opportunities for a large population of small-scale producers. Previous research has explored large-scale production or broader environmental issues, neglecting the specific challenges marginal farmers encounter, particularly regarding the intersection of climate change, market instability, and capital management. The purpose of this study is to understand how these challenges affect the livelihoods and sustainability of salt farmers and to identify adaptation strategies that could improve their resilience. Data was collected through a mixed-method approach, combining structured surveys with salt farmers and key informant interviews with the stakeholders. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, regression analysis, and correlation analysis to identify patterns and relationships among variables, while thematic analysis interpreted qualitative data. The findings from research revealed that climate change induced weather variability and frequent cyclones significantly disrupt salt production. Economic challenges, such as unpredictable market prices and inadequate financial support, exacerbate the vulnerability of salt farmers. Capital management issues, including limited access to loans, further restrict the farmers' ability to invest in resilient production methods. The study suggests implementing targeted policies aimed at enhancing the long-term sustainability of salt farmers' livelihoods. This includes providing financial assistance, introducing climate-resilient farming techniques, and ensuring fair market prices for their produce. Furthermore, active participation from both governmental and non-governmental organizations is crucial. Their role should involve offering technical support, facilitating access to microfinance, and advocating for policies that safeguard the interests of salt farmers in these climate-vulnerable regions.