AI SearchAssessment of exposure of commuters in Bangkok to traffic related toxic air pollutants (Record no. 9094)
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| fixed length control field | 06408nas a2200445 a 4500 |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20260817163544.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION | |
| fixed length control field | 170516s2015 th u m rtt 000 a eng d |
| 035 ## - SYSTEM CONTROL NUMBER | |
| System control number | .b12183829 |
| 099 #9 - LOCAL FREE-TEXT CALL NUMBER (OCLC) | |
| Classification number | AIT Thesis no.EV-15-03 |
| 100 0# - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Arthit Phosri |
| 245 10 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Assessment of exposure of commuters in Bangkok to traffic related toxic air pollutants |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. | Pathum Thani, Thailand : |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. | Asian Institute of Technology, |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2015 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION | |
| Extent | 113 p. : |
| Other physical details | ill. + |
| Accompanying material | 1 online resource |
| 490 1# - SERIES STATEMENT | |
| Series statement | Thesis ; |
| Volume/sequential designation | no. EV-15-03 |
| 500 ## - GENERAL NOTE | |
| General note | A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Engineering and Management |
| 502 ## - DISSERTATION NOTE | |
| Dissertation note | Thesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2015 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Epidemiological studies have shown that exposures of commuters to traffic related air pollutants are associated with health effects. Potential exposure of commuters caused by traffic air pollutants in Bangkok, one of the most congested cities in Asia, has not been comprehensively assessed and reported. This study aims to partly fill the data gap by conducting personal exposure monitoring for commuters on different transport means along almost the same route (18 km) around the city center. The air pollutants, including benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m, p-xylenes and o-xylene (BTEX), PM2.5, black carbon (BC) and carbon monoxide (CO), in six transport means (taxi, A/C bus, non-A/C bus, motorcycle, sky train and metro) in dry season (November-December) of 2014 in Bangkok were comparatively assessed. CO was monitored online by CO/CO₂ analyzer, while BTEX samples were collected by SKC charcoal tubes and analyzed by GC-FID. PM2.5 was sampled by personal environmental monitor (PEM) using an impactor. BC component of PM2.5 was determined by OT21 transmissometer. In parallel, a questionnaire survey was also conducted by interviewing commuters to assess the perception of health effects. The highest CO concentration was found in taxi (8.5±2.5 ppm), which significantly higher than that in other transport means (p< 0.05) because filter of A/C system might reduce a little amount of CO. The highest PEM PM2.5 concentration was found in non-A/C bus (190±18 og/m³), while sky train faced the lowest concentration. Non-A/C bus was run by open the windows, air pollutants can be easily entered the bus, whereas sky train used its own route where located above the roadway about 12 meters and applied electricity as driving power. As a result, the concentration inside sky train was lower than that on other transport means (p < 0.05), but nearly the same as inside the metro. BC concentration in motorcycle was 30±7.9 og/m³ which higher than that on other transport means, while the lowest concentration was found inside sky train (6.0±2.7 og/m³). The highest BTEX concentrations were mostly found in taxi and motorcycle, while the lowest concentrations were found in sky train and metro. Average concentration varied from 11.6±12.0 to 76.5±47.9 og/m³ for benzene, 39.5±8.5 to 140.4±69.5 og/m³ for toluene, 3.9±2.2 to 24.7±22.4 og/m³ for ethylbenzene, 9.9±6.9 to 70.6±46.2 og/m³ for m, p-xylenes and 3.1±1.8 to 15.9±15.2 og/m³ for o-xylene. The air inside taxi is rarely exchanged with air outside, as well as the interior trim is likely to emit BTEX into cabin. Therefore, BTEX could accumulate in the vehicle. BTEX concentration in motorcycle is relatively high because the commuters can easily contact to polluted air. The concentrations in sky train and metro were lower than that in other transport means due to no or less pollution emission, and separately run from roadway. When inhalation rate and traveling time were taken into account, non-A/C commuter faced highest whole trip exposure to PM2.5 and BC (474 og and 63 og, respectively). The highest whole trip exposures to CO (13.6 mg)and BTEX were mostly found on taxi commuters, which might because of long traveling time and high pollution concentration. The health risk assessment results showed that non-carcinogenic effects caused by PM2.5, indicated by hazard quotient (HQ), were likely for commuters to experience adverse health effects on all transport means. Moreover, non-carcinogenic effects related to benzene exposure can be experienced when commuting by taxi, motorcycle, A/C bus and non-A/C bus. However, non-carcinogenic effects related to TEX exposure were not expected to occur on all transport means. Carcinogenic effect due to exposure to benzene was higher than acceptable level (10-6), ranged from 8.11x10-6 to 8.40x10-5. Therefore, exposure to benzene on all transport means could cause cancer, such as leukemia. |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name entry element | Air |
| General subdivision | Pollution |
| -- | Physiological effect |
| Geographic subdivision | Thailand |
| -- | Bangkok |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name entry element | Air |
| General subdivision | Pollution |
| Geographic subdivision | Thailand |
| -- | Bangkok |
| 650 #0 - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name entry element | Air |
| General subdivision | Pollution |
| -- | Health aspects |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Nguyen, Thi Kim Oanh, |
| Relator term | Chairperson |
| 700 1# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Annachhatre, Ajit P., |
| Relator term | Examination Committee |
| 700 0# - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Vilas Nitivattananon, |
| Relator term | Examination Committee |
| 710 2# - ADDED ENTRY--CORPORATE NAME | |
| Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element | Thailand (HM Queen), |
| Relator term | Scholarship donor |
| 810 2# - SERIES ADDED ENTRY--CORPORATE NAME | |
| Corporate name or jurisdiction name as entry element | Asian Institute of Technology. |
| Title of a work | Thesis ; |
| Volume/sequential designation | no. EV-15-03 |
| 856 ## - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Materials specified | Full-Text |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href="http://203.159.5.9/ait-thesis/detail.php?q=B02597">http://203.159.5.9/ait-thesis/detail.php?q=B02597</a> |
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| Cataloger's initials, CIN (RLIN) | 170516 |
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| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) | |
| Koha item type | 20-AIT Publication |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) | |
| Koha item type | 40-Archives |
| 909 ## - LOCAL ITEMS USED | |
| Barcode | Barcode : 30050120321434 |
| CREATED | CREATED : 2017-05-16 |
| RECORD Id | RECORD # : i13077284 |
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| Barcode | Barcode : 30050120402192 |
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| Withdrawn status | Lost status | Damaged status | Not for loan | Home library | Current library | Shelving location | Date acquired | Cost, normal purchase price | Total checkouts | Full call number | Barcode | Date last seen | Copy number | Price effective from | Koha item type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Available for Loans | Asian Institute of Technology Library | Asian Institute of Technology Library | AIT Publications | 17/08/2026 | 50.00 | AIT Thesis no.EV-15-03 | 30050120321434 | 17/08/2026 | 1 | 17/08/2026 | 20-AIT Publication | ||||
| Available for Loans | Asian Institute of Technology Library | Asian Institute of Technology Library | AIT Publications | 17/08/2026 | 50.00 | AIT Thesis no.EV-15-03 | 30050120321632 | 17/08/2026 | 2 | 17/08/2026 | 20-AIT Publication | ||||
| Available for Loans | Asian Institute of Technology Library | Asian Institute of Technology Library | Archives | 17/08/2026 | AIT Thesis no.EV-15-03 | 30050120402192 | 17/08/2026 | 17/08/2026 | 40-Archives |