A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering, School of Environment, Resources and Development

Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 1991

This study deals with the electricity expansion planning with demand - side management for the integrated electric system of Nepal. The demand-side option chosen is t he use of efficient appliances in household sector. Residential load shape is modelled based on customer behavior. Model for Analysis of Energy Demand (MAED) ·is used for load shape forecasting. Wein Automatic System Planning Package (WASP) is used for expansion planning. The simulation and analysis of household load shapes and thus the resulti111~ expansion plan suggested that demand-side management options like use of efficient cooking and lighting appliances could be implemented in household sector of Nepal to reduce system peal< load. It is found that use of efficient room and water heaters could save energy from storage hydroplants in off-peak period which can be 1wcd in peak period. Shifting of household load (e .g. for cooking) to off peak period produces better results but due to high cost of time of day meter, this option could not be Justified in a situation where the saving per customer is low. It was found that demand-side management could sometime install more therr11al plants instead of hydro if the system load factor worsens due to it. It was found that in a hydro-based system, demand- side management could sometime increase the pollution from thermal power plant.