A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems, School of Engineering and Technology

Thesis (M. Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2019

Flood and drought are two frequent natural disasters in the world. Climate is one factor which can lead to two mains natural disasters. Many researchers have established relationship of climatic factors but lacking investigate with relationship of these disasters. The heat index is an interesting index of climate data, which lack of analysis with these disasters. This research focuses on the relationship between climate anomalies and disasters pattern and condition. Disaster considered were floods and drought in Songkhram River Basin, Thailand. This study investigated anomaly of climatic factor temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and heat index using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. Flood analysis used MODIS Water Product. Drought condition were estimated by temperature vegetation dryness index (TVDI). The study obtained the results of the average of temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and heat index anomalies in extreme flood event is 0.2 DC, 43.8 mm, 3 % and 1.3 °C respectively. The pattern of climate anomaly in extreme flood event has a similar pattern in each year which the most of extreme flooding time has high variability in rainfall, relative humidity and heat index anomalies. For drought event, the average of temperature, rainfall, relative humidity and heat index anomalies in extreme drought event is 0.7 DC, -5.9 mm, 0 % and -1.3 °C respectively. The pattern of climate anomalies in extreme drought event has a similar pattern in each year. The most of extreme drought situation have high variability in temperature, relative humidity and heat index anomalies. Interestingly, only the heat index anomaly has significant correlation with TVDI.