A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Development and Sustainability

Thesis (M. Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2024

While different studies have presented valuable insights in DRR and highlighting existing challenges, it does not sufficiently explore the challenges in effective implementation of DRR and EWS strategies at the local level. Nepal faces a high risk of hydrometeorological hazards due to its geography and climate, necessitating a robust evaluation of its multi-level DRR and EWS. This study assesses the alignment of Nepal's federal policies with international agreements such as the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (2015-2030) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), alongside international best practices. Utilizing qualitative methods, including document reviews, key informant interviews with government officials and disaster management experts, and in-depth interviews with local community members, the study reveals a policy shift from reactive response to proactive preparedness and resilience building. Data analysis tools like content analysis, document analysis, thematic analysis and gap analysis were utilized for the study. Despite this progress, challenges persist, including policy gaps, limited technical capacity and resources at the local level, and inadequate community engagement. Strengthening local capacity, exploring alternative funding sources, prioritizing community participation, and incorporating impact-based alerting in EWS are recommended to enhance Nepal's DRR and EWS framework. Future research should examine the consequences of failed DRR initiatives and involve a broader range of stakeholders to further bolster community resilience and reduce risk exposure.