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    <subfield code="a">Ahmadi, Abdul Wahed</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Sustainability of household water treatment methods for arsenic removal in developing countries</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Pathum Thani, Thailand :</subfield>
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    <subfield code="c">2017</subfield>
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    <subfield code="v">no. EV-17-01</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">A research submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Environmental Engineering and Management </subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Research report (M. Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2017</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Arsenic pollution in ground water is an alarming problem on a global scale in many countries.Over fifty million people in more than seventy countries are affected by arsenic pollution in drinking water. The main sources of arsenic contamination in groundwater are considered to be anthropogenic, gelogenic (geothermal) and biogenic. Therefore, as groundwater is one of the main important drinking water sources in Afghanistan and it is highly susceptible to be contaminated by  any  of  these  sources,  the  need  for  sustainable  household  water  treatment methods  for  arsenic  removal  is  sensed.  Currently,  78  percent  of  the  population  rely  on groundwater, which is mainly being taken using household tub wells in order to access safe drinking  water.  Recently,  the  high  level  of  arsenic  contamination  of  groundwater  in Afghanistan   become   a   critical   problem.   According   to a study   on   water   quality   in Afghanistan, 459 out of 746 water point samples showed high level of arsenic contamination (around 61%) and it exceeds the WHO standard. The main goal of this research study is the comparative   assessment   of   the   current   household   arsenic   removal   technologies   in developing  countries.  Additionally,  it is critically  review  the  current  state  of  arsenic contamination  of groundwater   in  Afghanistan  in  order  to  suggest  sustainable  household arsenic  removal  methods.  For  this  purpose,  the  three  most  popular  household  arsenic removal technologies such as Sono Sand Filter, Kanchan Arsenic Removal and Arsenic Bio Sand Filter already tested in a study area (Nawalparasi district of Nepal). Based on the tests, samples analysis report and assessment of existing household arsenic removal technologies; it has been shown that the Arsenic Bio Sand Filter (ABSF) is the most effective method. In this  method  removal  of  arsenic  is  done  with  an  effectiveness  of  95  %.  Additionally,  the method is very effective for removal the pathogens, bacteria,iron, and turbidity reduction. Finally,  the  outcome  of  this  this  study  will  assists  the  authorities  and  decision  makers  to develop  some  mitigation  policies  for  controlling  potential  contamination of  arsenic  in  the groundwater, which  will  lead  to  improve  the  public  health  by  reducing  arsenic  related diseases.</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Shipin, Oleg V.,</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">AFG Western Basins Water Resources Management Project / Asian Institute of Technology Fellowship,</subfield>
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