05362cas|a2200517 a 4500 20260817172422.0 011213s2001 th uu|m rtt 0| a1engxd .b11841370 AIT Thesis no.SM-01-05 Emond, Marie-Hèléne Challenges and opportunities for developing countries in reforming the intellectual property regime within the WTO : application to pharmaceuticals in Thailand Bangkok : Asian Institute of Technology, 2001 119, [2] leaves Thesis ; no. SM-01-05 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in Business Administration, School of Management Thesis (M.B.A.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2001 The outcome of our thesis consists in two frameworks, i.e. a "synergies framework" and a "compulsory licensing framework". First, three public policy tools, namely petty patents and compulsory licensing when authorizing parallel trade have been proved as possible opportunities for developing countries facing the strengthening of their intellectual property regime further to the TRIPS Agreement. The synergies framework identifies possible synergies between those three tools implemented in the Thai Patent Act as to counterbalance abusive market monopolies situation by improving access to products on the domestic market at reasonable price, when facilitating the technology transfer process. The compulsory licensing framework addresses more specifically compulsory licensing. It has been designed based on the case study of antiretroviral pharmaceuticals in Thailand. The first task was to define an abusive market monopoly situation implying excessive selling prices. Does the price of a pharmaceutical depend on: the Thai (or any developing country) market taking into account its solvability and its urgent need for the medicine, OR the risk and cost of R&D efforts exerted by pharmaceutical companies benefiting from the patent protection? The issue appeared as complex as we identified factors than the price relating to the national situation such as the health infrastructure. The lack of transparency from the pharmaceutical companies did not help in assessing the effective R&D cost and risk and the relating necessary price level as to reward companies for their efforts. The objective was to assess which level of effective compulsory licensing implementation would have challenged the positive dynamic of patent protection. Besides any philosophical or human rights perspectives generating the current hot debate about access to medicines, our second framework highlights economical, cultural, political and technical factors, which influence the compulsory licensing effort at the national and international levels. Our scheme is based on the ddl case review but also on our attempt to generalize the compulsory licensing process to other pharmaceuticals and possibly other industrial sectors in the developing world. We have finally recommended how to orientate the various key factors as to positively influence the compulsory licensing process. The ultimate objective of compulsory licensing in a developing country does not reside only in the access to reasonable p1ices but also in the underlying but essential transfer of technology. Intellectual property Developing countries Pharmaceutical industry Thailand Igel, Barbara, Chairperson Broustai, Joel Francois, Examination Committee Vidon, Patiice, Examination committee Basant, Rakesh, Examination committee European Commission of the European Union (PTS Program), Scholarship donor Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. SM-01-05 Full-Text http://203.159.5.9/ait-thesis/detail.php?q=B09362 .b11841370 mnait u 241009 0 011213 m a u 0 mnait mnait mnarc mnarc mnarc mnarc 20 22 40 Barcode : 30050120998082 CREATED : 2001-12-13 RECORD # : i12264891 LPATRON : 1019926 LCHKIN : 2008-01-02 # RENEWALS : 0 # OVERDUE : 0 IUSE3 : 0 TOT CHKOUT : 1 TOT RENEW : 0 Barcode : 30050120998090 CREATED : 2001-12-13 RECORD # : i12264908 LPATRON : 1018569 LCHKIN : 2007-08-08 # RENEWALS : 0 # OVERDUE : 0 IUSE3 : 0 TOT CHKOUT : 2 TOT RENEW : 6 Barcode : 30050120551709 CREATED : 2014-10-04 RECORD # : i12789112 LPATRON : 0 LCHKIN : - # RENEWALS : 0 # OVERDUE : 0 IUSE3 : 0 TOT CHKOUT : 0 TOT RENEW : 0 Barcode : 30050120221998 CREATED : 2016-03-31 RECORD # : i12917229 LPATRON : 0 LCHKIN : - # RENEWALS : 0 # OVERDUE : 0 IUSE3 : 0 TOT CHKOUT : 0 TOT RENEW : 0 Barcode : 30050120907208 CREATED : 2020-01-29 RECORD # : i13253311 LPATRON : 0 LCHKIN : - # RENEWALS : 0 # OVERDUE : 0 IUSE3 : 1 TOT CHKOUT : 0 TOT RENEW : 0 Barcode : 30050121070956 CREATED : 2023-06-27 RECORD # : i13453774 LPATRON : 0 LCHKIN : - # RENEWALS : 0 # OVERDUE : 0 IUSE3 : 0 TOT CHKOUT : 0 TOT RENEW : 0 16055 16055 0 0 0 0 MAIN MAIN mnait 2026-08-17 50.00 0 AIT Thesis no.SM-01-05 30050120998082 2026-08-17 17:24:22 1 2026-08-17 20 0 0 0 0 MAIN MAIN mnait 2026-08-17 50.00 0 AIT Thesis no.SM-01-05 30050120998090 2026-08-17 17:24:22 2 2026-08-17 20 0 0 0 0 MAIN MAIN mnarc 2026-08-17 50.00 0 AIT Thesis no.SM-01-05 30050120551709 2026-08-17 17:24:22 3 2026-08-17 22 0 0 0 0 MAIN MAIN mnarc 2026-08-17 0 AIT Thesis no.SM-01-05 30050120221998 2026-08-17 17:24:22 1 2026-08-17 40 0 0 0 0 MAIN MAIN mnarc 2026-08-17 0 AIT Thesis no.SM-01-05 30050120907208 2026-08-17 17:24:22 4 2026-08-17 20 0 0 0 0 MAIN MAIN mnarc 2026-08-17 50.00 0 AIT Thesis no.SM-01-05 30050121070956 2026-08-17 17:24:22 5 2026-08-17 20