03818nas a2200241 a 450000500170000000800410001703500150005810000210007324501010009426000670019530000400026249000270030250001850032950200580051452025990057265000240317170000460319570000450324170000350328671001300332181000590345185600660351020260817172428.0160331s2013    th uu|m rtt   0|  a1eng d  a.b121628991 aSthapit, Lorina 14aThe challenges of socio-economic reintegration of maoist ex-combatants in Nepal :ba gender view  aPathum Thani, Thailand :bAsian Institute of Technology,c2013  a102 p. :bill. +e1 online resource1 aThesis ;vno. GD-13-04  aA thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degreeof Master of Science in Gender and Development Studies, School of Environment, Resources and Development  aThesis (M. Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2013  aThe unique feature of Nepal{u2019}s 10 yeararmed  conflict  was  the  participation  of  women  as Maoist guerilla fighters who fought alongside men for equality. However, the post-conflict reintegration  process  led  by  the  government  and  the  UN  did  not  take  into  account  the gendered  socio-economic  conditions  of  the  male  and  female  Maoist  ex-combatants. Therefore,  the  focus  of  this  research  is  the  challenges  of  the  male  and  female  Maoist  ex-combatants in the post-conflict Nepal from a gender viewpoint. The findings  of  this  research  claimthe  existence  ofgender-specific stigmasof  male  and female ex-combatants including the double stigma of the female ex-combatants.Similarly,the findingsimply that because of lack of skill, education, assets and social capital, the ex-combatants are facing livelihood difficulties such as unemployment. Femaleex-combatants were  seen  as  being  particularly  vulnerable  because  of  the  persisting  patriarchal  society  in Nepalthat restricts women{u2019}s choices, mobility and opportunities.The  findings  also  show that male and female ex-combatants displayed gender-specific responses to these challenge in  lack of options andlimited external  support.  On the positive side,however,the results revealed the constructive actions of the ex-combatants in response to the lack of adequate and effective external support: female respondents{u2019} initiative to learn marketable skills and to  gain  education  degrees  and  the  collective  initiative  ofmale  respondents  to  bring  an agriculture and economic {u2018}revolution.The  inferences  drawn  form  this study indicate  that stigmas and  livelihood difficulties are inversely associated with reintegration.In  addition, gender-specific   stigmas   and   livelihood   related   struggles   areinterlocked   with   social structures that determine gender roles and norms. The  research  argues  that  thesocio-economic  challengesthat  the  male  and  female  Maoist ex-combatants  are  facing and their responsestowards  the  challengesare  theresult  of  thereintegration of the ex-combatants into thepre-existing gender-biased social order and the inability  of  the  {u2018}revolution{u2019}  to  change  the  existing  socio-economic  structures  plaguing Nepal. Moreover,   evidences   showthatthe   Nepali   Disarmament,   Demobilization, Rehabilitation  and  Reintegration  (DDRR)  not  only  failed  to  recognize  gender-specific challenges,  but  also  reinforced  the  existing  socio-economic  challenges the ex-combatants faced. 0aWomen in warzNepal1 aResurreccion, Bernadette P.,eChairperson1 aDoneys, Philippe,eExamination Committee1 aGrunbuhel, Clemens,eCommittee2 aHer Majesty the Queen{u2019}s Scholarship for the Asian Environment Development Program, Government of Thailand,eScholarship2 aAsian Institute of Technology.tThesis ;vno. GD-13-04  3Full-Textuhttp://203.159.5.9/ait-thesis/detail.php?q=B02938