TY  - BOOK
AU  - Rai,Sunila
AU  - Lin,C.K.
AU  - Edwards,Peter
AU  - Little,David C.
ED  - NORAD, 
TI  - Co-culture of walking catfish with Indian major carps
T2  - Thesis
PY  - 1997///
CY  - Bangkok
PB  - Asian Institute of Technology
KW  - Fish-culture
KW  - Catfishes
KW  - Carp
N1  - A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of  Science,  School of Environment, Resources and Development; Thesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 1997
N2  - An experiment was conducted for 112 days to evaluate the growth performance of hybrid  catfish and carps (silver carp, rohu and mrigal) in three different stocking ratios of 3.2:1, 4.8:1  and 6.4:1, and their impact on water quality and nutrient budget. Hybrid catfish were stocked  in 1.2 m3 cage, at a density of 100, 150 and 200 fish/cage. Fish were fed on pellet feed, at a  rate of 2% body weight. Carps were stocked at a rate of 5,000 fish/ha in 250 m2 ponds. The  ratio of carps was 1: 1 : 1. The carps were grown solely on natural food produced by nutrients  wastes from caged catfish. Ponds were fertilized prior to stocking at a rate of 4 kg N/ha/day  and 1 kg P/ha/day.  Net fish yield of hybrid catfish (28.7 kg/cage), net yield of carps (13.3 kg/pond) and combined  net yield of caged catfish and pond carps (127.9 kg/pond) were significantly higher (P<0.05)  in higher stocking density of catfish. Stocking ratio of 6.4: 1 appeared to be the best stocking  ratio. Stocking ratio did not affect water quality. Hybrid catfish culture released 61-64% N and  76-79% P, out of which carps recovered 3.1-3.8% N and 2.4-2.9% P, and 1.5-2.3% N and 1.3- 14.0% P were lost to the water column. Rest nutrients were unaccounted for. Nutrients derived  from the wastes equal to fertilization rate of 0.9-1.6 kg N/ha/day and 0.3-0.5 kg P/ha/day,  which were grossly inadequate for phytoplankton production to support the growth of  herbivorous carps.
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