<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<record
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/schema/MARC21slim.xsd"
    xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim">

  <leader>03535nas a2200385 a 4500</leader>
  <controlfield tag="005">20260818094853.0</controlfield>
  <controlfield tag="008">250916s20259999th u  ms t    000   eng d</controlfield>
  <datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">.b12464429</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="099" ind1=" " ind2="9">
    <subfield code="a">AIT Thesis no.AS-25-03</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Muhammad, Haji</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0">
    <subfield code="a">Effect of biochar and nitrogen on growth, yield, water productivity, and nitrogen use efficiency of rice under alternate wetting and drying irrigation</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="260" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Pathum Thani, Thailand :</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">Asian Institute of Technology,</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">2025</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">131 leaves :</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">ill. +</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">1online resource</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Thesis ;</subfield>
    <subfield code="v">no. AS-25-03</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of  Master of Science in Agricultural Systems and Engineering</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="502" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Thesis (M. Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2025</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Rice2is the most consumed staple food in the world, but it is produced with barriers like low  productivity, environmental factors like climate change, over-application of nitrogenous fertilizer,  losses of soil fertility, and more water demand. This study revealed the effects of water  management strategies, biochar application levels, and nitrogen fertilization rates on the growth,  physiology, yield, water productivity, and nitrogen use efficiency of rice. A factorial experiment  was conducted under a controlled environment, with soil water potential levels (0, -15kPa, and  30kPa), biochar application levels (0, 10, and 20 t ha-1), and nitrogen applications (0, 30, 45, and  60 kg ha-1). Results showed that plant growth and yield parameters were highest under saturation  level (when 0kPa was followed). At the same time, -15kPa achieved comparable performance with  significantly lower water usage, reducing it by 29.33% relative to saturation level (0kPa). Biochar  application of 20 t ha-1 notably enhanced plant height, dry matter accumulation, root development,  chlorophyll content, and membrane stability across both irrigation methods, primarily through  improved soil water retention and nutrient availability. Nitrogen fertilization at 60 kg ha-1  optimized growth and yield, though 45 kg ha-1 also provided strong performance with more  efficient resource use. Biochar 20 t ha-1 combined with nitrogen 45 kg ha-1 significantly improved  morphological and physiological traits. Integrating -15kPa soil water potential, nitrogen 45 kg ha 1  , and biochar 20 t ha-1 emerged as a sustainable strategy, improving water productivity and  nitrogen use efficiency without compromising the yield. These findings provided practical insights  into developing more sustainable rice cultivation practices suitable for future agricultural  challenges.</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="0">
    <subfield code="a">Biochar</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="0">
    <subfield code="a">Nitrogen in agriculture</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="0">
    <subfield code="a">Rice</subfield>
    <subfield code="x">Effect of strees on</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="0">
    <subfield code="a">Water in agriculture</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Datta, Avishek,</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">Chairperson</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Himanshu, Sushil Kumar,</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">Examination Committee</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Yaseen, Muhammad,</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">Examination Committee</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="710" ind1="2" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Her Majesty the Queen's Scholarship,</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">Scholarship Donor</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="810" ind1="2" ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Asian Institute of Technology.</subfield>
    <subfield code="t">Thesis ;</subfield>
    <subfield code="v">no. AS-25-03</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0">
    <subfield code="3">Full-Text</subfield>
    <subfield code="u">http://203.159.5.9/ait-thesis/detail.php?q=B22774</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="907" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">.b12464429</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">mnarc</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">a</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="902" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">250918</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="998" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="b">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">250918</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">m</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">h  </subfield>
    <subfield code="f">a</subfield>
    <subfield code="g">0</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="945" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="l">mnarc</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="942" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="c">67</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="909" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="a">Barcode : -</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">CREATED : 2025-09-16</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">RECORD # : i13557701</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">LPATRON : 0</subfield>
    <subfield code="e">LCHKIN : -</subfield>
    <subfield code="f"># RENEWALS : 0</subfield>
    <subfield code="g"># OVERDUE : 0</subfield>
    <subfield code="h">IUSE3 : 0</subfield>
    <subfield code="i">TOT CHKOUT : 0</subfield>
    <subfield code="j">TOT RENEW : 0</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="c">34158</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">34158</subfield>
  </datafield>
  <datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
    <subfield code="0">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="1">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="4">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="7">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="a">MAIN</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">MAIN</subfield>
    <subfield code="c">mnarc</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">2026-08-18</subfield>
    <subfield code="l">0</subfield>
    <subfield code="o">AIT Thesis no.AS-25-03</subfield>
    <subfield code="r">2026-08-18 09:48:53</subfield>
    <subfield code="t">1</subfield>
    <subfield code="w">2026-08-18</subfield>
    <subfield code="y">67</subfield>
  </datafield>
</record>
