TY  - SER
AU  - Praphon Kemmadamrong
AU  - Chongrak Polprasert,
AU  - Tran,Francis T.
AU  - Verink,J.
AU  - Mora,Jean-Claude
AU  - Tyagi,R.D.
ED  - Royal Norwegian Government, 
TI  - Anaerobic Baffle Reactor (ABR) process for treating a slaughterhouse wastewater
T2  - Dissertation
PY  - 1992///
CY  - Bangkok
PB  - Asian Institute of Technology
KW  - Sewage
KW  - Purification
KW  - Biological treatment
N1  - A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Engineering, School of Environment, Resources and Development; Thesis (Ph.D.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 1992
N2  - Experiments on ABR were conducted to investigate its efficiency on organic  carbon removal. Laboratory scale ABR units, made of PVC with dimensions of 0.25 x 0.15  x 0.32 m3 (width x depth x length), were used to treat the dissolved air flotation pre-treated  slaughterhouse wastewater whose COD concentrations were 480 - 730 mg/L. The steady state performance was evaluated under organic loading rates (OLR) from 0.67 to 4.73 g  COD/(L.d) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2.5 to 26 h. The ABR was started up at  an OLR of 0.67 g COD/(L.d) and at HRT of 26 h at ambient temperature (30 to 35' C  during day time and 25 to 30' C during night time).  The ABR unit was found to perform satisfactorily when operating from low OLR  of 0.67 g COD/(L.d) up to 4.73 g COD/(L.d) at HRT of 2.5 h, in which the treatment  efficiency of 75% was reached on a total COD basis and of 84% on a filtered COD basis.  Based on COD mass balance in the ABR unit, sludge accumulation factor (Xacc) was in the  range of 0.16 to 0.39 g VSS/g CODrcmovcd{u2022} and the conversion of COD removed into  methane was in the range of 0.44 to 0.78 g CH4-COD/g CODrcmovcd· The sludge activities  varied in the range of 0.066 to 0.293 kg CH4-COD/(kg VSS.d). Biagas produced contained  20 to 27% nitrogen, 69 to 73% methane and 2 to 4% carbon dioxide.  Pilot-scale ABR experiments were conducted by using two or three upflow reactors  in series. The results showed that between the OLR of 0.10 - 0.86 g COD/(L.d), the  significant decrease of COD concentration within the first reactor was observed. The COD  removal rates were found to increase from 0.09 to 0.66 g COD/(L.d) with increasing OLR  from 0.10 to 0.86 g COD/(L.d); resulting in an average treatment efficiency of 77 -.86%.  The results obtained from batch tests were used in computer simulation to  determine the constant and reaction orders. The constant C of Compartments 1, 2, 3 and  4 were found to be 3.8x10- 7 , 1.9x10- 5 , 0.586 and 0.522, respectively and the reaction orders  of Compartments 1, 2, 3 and 4 were 3.9, 3.1, 1 and 1, respectively.  The finite difference method of the model coupling mass transfer into a biofloc  with the reaction was applied to simulate the ABR performance. The model simulation of  the laboratory-scale ABR process showed that the observed and predicted effluent dissolved  COD concentrations agreed well between the OLR of 1.82 - 2.14 g COD/(L.d).  (ii)  The overall results obtained from this study have shown that ABR process is  efficient for the treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater and compares favorably with other  anaerobic systems
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