04181cas|a2200433 i 4500 20260818153601.0 190499s1998 th uu m rtt a0| a1eng d .b11746890 AIT Thesis no.AS-98-18 Khanal, Ram Chandra Livestock in hill farming systems : a case study of Gerkhu Khola Watershed in Nepal Bangkok : Asian Institute of Technology, 1998 108 leaves Thesis ; no. AS-98-18 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Science, School of Environment, Resources and Development Thesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 1998 The declining crop productivity was caused by low nutrients recycling, intensive farming and soil erosion in the hill farming systems of Nepal. The rate of nutrients mining were in increasing trend. This had an adverse negative impact on agriculture. This study made an attempt to analyze the interaction and interrelationship between crop and livestock with giving due consideration of socioeconomic and natural environmental condition in hill farming, systems. A comparative study of the lowland and upland including north and south aspects was carried out. The sample size was taken about equal from both north and south aspect. Contribution of cropland to livestock tlu·ough concentrate, fodder and forage, straw and pasture were assessed. The importance of livestock were analyzed in terms of Farm Yard Manure (FYM), draft and income. The nutrients balance of the farming systems was also carried out. Animal feed deficit was found as 25% in general. The upland was found contributing higher amount of concentrate, fodder and forage. However, the quantity of straw was higher from lowland. About tlu·ee fourth of the total TDN was contributed by upland. About 9.8, 5.8, 7.2 and 5.0 metric ton FYM were used per hectare in north upland and lowland, south upland and lowland areas respectively. Draft power use per hectare per year was significantly high in lowland compared to upland. The relation inferred that resource allocation in the upland was negatively affected over time. It was found that N and K was in deficit in general by 15 and 35 kg per hectare per year. The study revealed that nutrients extraction in south aspect was serious. Local resources use efficiency and conservation is needed for sustainable farming systems. Improved feeding condition of the livestock and increasing the efficiency of the local resources particularly FYM are vital. Improvement of fodder and forage condition by planting more fodder and forage in marginal land and improvement of FYM condition along with other soil fertility improvement measures are recommended for sustainable agricultural development in the study area and similar agro-climatic regions. Livestock systems Nepal Gerkhu Khola Watershed Hill farming Nepal Gerkhu Khola Watershed Hansen, Gunner Kjer, Chairperson Thapa, Gopal B., Examination Committee Boonjit Titapiwatanakun, Examination committee DAAD, Scholarship donor Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. AS-98-18 Full-Text http://203.159.5.9/ait-thesis/detail.php?q=B13214 .b11746890 mnait z 240411 0 990419 m a z 0 mnait mnait mnarc 22 40 20 Barcode : 30050120695308 CREATED : 2013-06-09 RECORD # : i12740111 LPATRON : 0 LCHKIN : - # RENEWALS : 0 # OVERDUE : 0 IUSE3 : 0 TOT CHKOUT : 0 TOT RENEW : 0 Barcode : 30050120359145 CREATED : 2016-09-06 RECORD # : i1302758x LPATRON : 0 LCHKIN : - # RENEWALS : 0 # OVERDUE : 0 IUSE3 : 0 TOT CHKOUT : 0 TOT RENEW : 0 Barcode : 30050120243802 CREATED : 2016-08-31 RECORD # : i13053231 LPATRON : 0 LCHKIN : - # RENEWALS : 0 # OVERDUE : 0 IUSE3 : 0 TOT CHKOUT : 0 TOT RENEW : 0 70093 70093 0 0 0 0 MAIN MAIN mnait 2026-08-18 50.00 0 AIT Thesis no.AS-98-18 30050120695308 2026-08-18 15:36:01 3 2026-08-18 22 0 0 0 0 MAIN MAIN mnarc 2026-08-18 0 AIT Thesis no.AS-98-18 30050120359145 2026-08-18 15:36:01 1 2026-08-18 40 0 0 0 0 MAIN MAIN mnait 2026-08-18 50.00 0 AIT Thesis no.AS-98-18 30050120243802 2026-08-18 15:36:01 4 2026-08-18 20