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    <subfield code="a">AIT Diss. no.ISE-09-04</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Paphakorn Soonanon</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">The orthographic reconstruction algorithm for adaptive layered manufacturing</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Pathum Thani, Thailand :</subfield>
    <subfield code="b">Asian Institute of Technology,</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Dissertation ;</subfield>
    <subfield code="v">no. ISE-09-04</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Design and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Thesis (Ph.D.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2009</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Rapid  Product  Development  (RPD)  becomes  a   crucial  approach  for  the  success  of  a   company in a competitive market nowadays when the complexity and diversity of products  keep  increasing  while  their  lifetimes  are   getting  shorter  and  shorter.  RPD  requires   collaborative  effort  from  all  parties  in  a   chain  from  supplier  to  customer,  especially   marketer, product designer, process engineer a nd production engineer who directly involve,  and  design  tools  and  techniques  are  necessary  to  ease  the  collaboration  and  to  streamline   RPD.  Models  are  a  good  design  tool  that  are  helpful  for   gaining  design  information  and   insight as well as enhancing communication  both within a product design and development  (PDD) team and with others.  Rapid prototyping (RP) has been introduced and become an  important technology for RPD in which it cons tructs a physical prot otype rapidly without  molds and dies. In the conventional RP process,  3D CAD models are translated into stacks  of 2D contours which are used to generate machine commands to build the products layer  by  layer.  In  case  that  3D  model  is  not  available,  other  channels  for  obtaining  the  product   information are through reverse engineering (RE)  from its physical part or its engineering  drawing.  Geometrical  reconstruction  (GR)  is  a  proces s  of  reconstructing  a 3D  model  from  a  2D   engineering  drawing,  and  can  be   considered  to  be  another   technology,  similar  to  RE,  that   enhances  RP  methodology  by  allowing  a  reconstructed  model  to  be  created  quickly  and   ready for layered fabrication process. Therefore, a direct interface be tween GR and RP has  been researched. Presented in this dissertation is an approach  for direct interfacing  GR and RP, called layer- based geometrical reconstructi on approach (LBGR), which seve ralactivities appearing on  the  conventional  path  will  be  bypasses.  This   approach  has  been  developed  to  convert   enrich  information  from  2D  orthographic  views  drawing,  commonly  seen  in  the  industry,   to  be  a  stack  of  contours  which  their  information  can  be  used  to  generate  commands  for   constructing  both  physical  model  and  virtual  prototype  (VP)  layer  by  layer  as  well  as  to   create  a  3D  solid  model.  With  its  main  purpose  for  rapid  prototyping,  LBGR  has  been   designed  to  acquire  information  on  the  drawin g  locally  in  a  top-down  direction,  and  to   allow fabrication process run in parallel to shorten fabrication time. In  this  approach,  a  stack  of  contours  is  created  slab-by-slab. Rather  than  using  the  entire   information from a drawing as pervious approaches of GR, drawing information is locally  acquired  to  identify  top  and  bottom  contours   of  each  slab  before  homotopy  concept  is   applied to generate intermediate contours inside  each slab. The thickness of slabs is varied  depended upon their cross-sectional contours. The contours are identical inside a slab but  different  between  slabs.  A   Pre-Contour  Reconstruction  table   (PCR  table)  has  been   developed  in  this  research  as  a  tool  for   synthesizing  the  top  and  bottom  contours  for  all   slabs.  Once  the  stack  of  contours  is  formed,   these  contours  can  be  utilized  for  3D  model   reconstruction  and  rapid  prototyping.  To  complete  a  contour  construction,  a  local  search   method   and   a   contour   identification   algorithm   have   been    also   developed   as   the    supplementary  algorithms  to  track  contour,   search  a  junction,  and  identify  group  of   contours. The proposed approach can be used for parts that compose of regular surface whose edges  are  clearly  presented  on  the  orthographic  views  (e.g.,  plan  surfaces,   conical  surface,  and   ruled surface that their cross-sectional contours are parallel with the  xy plane). It has been  implemented in LabVIEW. Since the only input  required is a digital image of the drawing,  this approach supports collaboration from remote  place, and can be further developed to be  an interactive tool that allows contour modification.</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Rapid phototyping</subfield>
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