05086nas a2200481 a 4500 20260817163426.0 130212s2011 th uu|m rtt 0| a1eng d .b12114820 AIT Thesis no.EV-11-04 Ho Thi Thanh Tam Assessing carbon flow in environmental sanitation systems in two communes, Vietnam Pathum Thani, Thailand : Asian Institute of Technology, 2011 105 p. : ill. + 1 online resource Thesis ; no. EV-11-04 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Environmental Engineering and Management Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2011 This study determined the emission rates of greenhouse gases from onsite sanitation systems such as septic tank, pour-flush toilet, single vault latrine, double vault latrine and biogas latrine by a flow chamber method in investigating the rates of carbon dioxide and methane gases from four septic tanks and biogas latrine, but there is one unit of pour-flush toilet waste water discharge to drainage and pond system in peri-urban communes in Kim Bang district, Ha Nam province, Vietnam. Material Flow Analysis (MFA) was applied to determine mass flows of gases through the household drainage and vent or chamber of onsite sanitation system. Several emission sources including household, onsite sanitation system, livestock, and aquaculture and crop production were identified. The septic tank was considered as primary emission source of carbon dioxide and methane gases. The geometric mean and standard deviation of the total emission rates form septic tank are 0.15±0.13, single vault latrine at 0.26±0.23,double vault latrine at 0.04±0.04,and biogas latrine at 17.89±2.86 tonne methane per year, respectively. However septic tank are 1.37±1.27, single vault latrine at 2.53±1.37, double vault latrine at 0.83±0.38, and biogas latrine at 13.15±6.02 tonne carbon dioxide per year, respectively. Moreover, onsite sanitation system could release carbon dioxide and methane gases which were amounted to 17.91±6.45 and 18.35±2.85 tonne per year, respectively. So, the current emission results of MFA are 36.26 tonC/year of on-site sanitation, corresponding to total anthropogenic CO₂ equivalence (CO₂-eq) of GHG emission to the atmosphere of about 1,045.5 tonne CO₂-eq in year 2020 which is 6 times higher than that estimated by IPCC guidelines 2006. Therefore, these latrines contribute to an increase of carbon load in the environment. Additionally, the results estimate of MFA system in year 2020-Scenario 1 which could increase about 33,947.1 tons carbon per 20 year from onsite sanitation system into atmosphere, likely causing environmental impacts. However, Scenario 2 in year 2020 adding burning gas for onsite sanitation system which carbon emission reduced 2,103.6 tonne CO₂-eq year 2020. On the other hand, estimates of 93.8% from methane gas recovery carbon dioxide gas by burning for cooking at kitchen of the two communes in the study site compared 56:1 ratio tonne CO₂-eq in 20 year of emission from IPCC guidelines 2006. Therefore, the scenario 2 is apart of reduced GHGs of excreta human and animals of onsite sanitation systems in the study area. Greenhouse gases Evaluation Vietnam Sanitation, Household Vietnam Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry) Thammarat Koottatep, Chairperson Nguyen, Thi Kim Oanh, Examination Committee Visvanathan, C., Examination Committee Nguyen, Viet Hung, Examination committee International Fellowships Program, Scholarship donor Ford Foundation, USA, Scholarship donor Asian Institute of Technology Fellowship, Scholarship donor Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. EV-11-04 Full-Text http://203.159.5.9/ait-thesis/detail.php?q=B02494 .b12114820 mnait z 240403 0 130212 m a z 0 000:001:PDF:b1211482:000848:0:0:0:0:0:0 Abstract n mnait mnait mnarc 20 40 Barcode : 30050120734651 CREATED : 2013-02-13 RECORD # : i12724853 LPATRON : 1023686 LCHKIN : 2013-11-04 # RENEWALS : 0 # OVERDUE : 0 IUSE3 : 0 TOT CHKOUT : 1 TOT RENEW : 0 Barcode : 30050120734628 CREATED : 2013-02-13 RECORD # : i12724865 LPATRON : 1024954 LCHKIN : 2013-11-18 # RENEWALS : 0 # OVERDUE : 0 IUSE3 : 0 TOT CHKOUT : 1 TOT RENEW : 0 Barcode : 30050160048236 CREATED : 2016-01-06 RECORD # : i13007762 LPATRON : 0 LCHKIN : - # RENEWALS : 0 # OVERDUE : 0 IUSE3 : 0 TOT CHKOUT : 0 TOT RENEW : 0 8751 8751 0 0 0 0 MAIN MAIN mnait 2026-08-17 10.50 0 AIT Thesis no.EV-11-04 30050120734651 2026-08-17 16:34:26 1 2026-08-17 20 0 0 0 0 MAIN MAIN mnait 2026-08-17 10.50 0 AIT Thesis no.EV-11-04 30050120734628 2026-08-17 16:34:26 2 2026-08-17 20 0 0 0 0 MAIN MAIN mnarc 2026-08-17 0 AIT Thesis no.EV-11-04 30050160048236 2026-08-17 16:34:26 2026-08-17 40