Assessing the impact of sea level rise in Hai Phong coastal zone, Vietnam : mapping and economic valuation of damages
- Pathum Thani, Thailand : Asian Institute of Technology, 2010
- 116 leaves : ill.
- Thesis ; no. WM-09-16 .
- Asian Institute of Technology. Thesis ; no. WM-09-16 .
A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering in Water Engineering and Management
Thesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2009
Haiphong city locates in Red River delta, in Northern Vietnam. The average ground elevation is about one to three meter with a high river density. This city has a long sea dike along from North to South area of city, about 125 kilometer long protections danger from sea which always threatens life of citizens in the city. Therefore, Haiphong is considered as one of the ten most exposed cities to damage risk due to sea level rise around the world from. In addition, many industrial zones together with dense population density in study area cause Haiphong city in dangerous position and significant damage from flooding phenomena due to sea level rise. Thence, flood damage and risk assessment for sea level rise scenarios become very essential requirement in order to mitigate the damage and prepare adaptation plans to sea level rise disaster. Analysis of sea level data in recent 50 years, in the present study shows that sea level rise in Haiphong is accelerated and increasing year by year. Especially, recent ten years, sea level rises faster, correlative with the amount of carbon dioxide emissions in the world. In spite of present sea dike systems in Haiphong city has enough height to protect city from sea level, but with acceleration of sea level rise, 0.55 cm per year, this city will be flooded in 2075. From land use map and inundation map with five sea level scenarios considered in this study, Northern and Southern area, rural area of Haiphong city suffer more inundation and risks from flooding condition than the Middle area, urban area. This means that people living in urbanized district has lower vulnerable damage than inhabitants living in rural district. Besides, through compotation of socio-economic losses, the study investigates that residential living suffers the highest damage and contributes the greatest damage within four considered sectors. The research also tries to determine the GDP losses and cost replacement by term Net Present Value in year which inundation situation happens. Consequently, affected population and losses of economic in one and two meter of sea level are low in comparison with three to five meter of sea level. Particularly, almost area of city is flooded under four and five meter, 67% and 72 % respectively, besides that, about 1.4 and 1.5 million people correlation with 78% population in Haiphong are affected due to sea level rise in two scenarios above. From significant damages, Haiphongs people committee should have long-term programming for the future in order to mitigate the damage and danger if flooding due to sea level rise happens.