03791nas a2200253 a 450000500170000000800410001703500150005810000190007324500980009226000670019030000440025749000280030150001470032950200570047652026210053365000290315465000310318370000330321470000480324770000490329571000690334481000590341385600650347220260817163556.0100111s2009    th uu|m rtt   0|  a1eng d  a.b120719610 aMai Thi Nguyet10aAssessment of heavy metal (lead, copper and zinc) contamination in selected rifle range soils  aPathum Thani, Thailand :bAsian Institute of Technology,c2009  a91 leaves :bill.  +e1 online resource1 aThesis ;vno. EV-09-11   aA thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the  degree of Master of Science in Environmental Engineering and Management  aThesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2009  aShooting  range  used  for  sport  or  military  training  are  considered  as  important  source  of  heavy  metals  contamination  in  the  environment,  especially  in  soil.  This  research  was  implemented  to  assess  the  level,  extent  and  potential  risk  of  lead,  copper  and  zinc  contamination  on  the  selected  rifle/shooting  ranges  at  Chulachomklao  Royal  Military  Academy  (CRMA),  Nakhon-Nayok  Province,  Thailand.  Soil,  plant,  surface  water  and  sediment were collected and analyzed for total metals by digestion with concentrated nitric acid (HNO₃) using ICP-OES. Soil samples were also analyzed using DTPA extractable to evaluate   metal   bioavailability   and   potential   toxicity   in   soil   for   vegetation   growth.   Analytical results show that the high concentrations of lead, copper and zinc are found in the  berm  soil  and  distance  near  the  berm  at  both  shooting  range  1  and  shooting  range  2.  Results from DTPA extractable show that lead is highly available for plant among the three metals studied. Similarly, vegetation samples at the two ranges had high levels of lead and this is in accordance with the high lead concentrations in surface soil. The concentrations of these heavy metals in shooting range 2 are higher than that of shooting range 1 in both vegetation  and  soil  samples.  Surface  water  and  sediment  samples  at  study  area  had  low  lead,  copper  and  zinc  concentrations.  Analytical  results  of  this  study  indicate  that  lead,  copper and zinc contamination at the two ranges that are mainly limited to the surface soil (0-15cm)  at  the  berm  and  nearby;  these  metals  are  not  possibly  transported  into  adjacent  areas.  Furthermore,  environmental  risk  also  was  assessed  using  hazard  quotient  (HQ).  In  general, the risk at aquatic ecosystem is relatively low (HQ < 1) indicating no risk. But at terrestrial ecosystem, the environmental risk of lead element was quite high at both ranges. Therefore,  lead  might  be  a  potential  concern  for  terrestrial  bird,  insects  including  bees  or  wildlife surrounding the ranges especially surrounding the berm face. Finally, soil surface at  the  berm  and  adjacent  distance  may  contaminated  by  heavy  metals.  Consequently,  remediation methods such as phytoremediation using plant to remediate contaminated soil, soil washing remediate spend bullet and bullet fragment from range soil by using physical technology  after  that  treating  the  remaining  soil  and  waste  water,  etc  are  suggested  in  cleaning up soil at ranges. 0aHeavy metalsxEvaluation 0aSoil pollutionxEvaluation0 aPreeda Pakpian,eChairperson0 aChongrak Polprasert,eExamination Committee1 aNguyen, Thi Kim Oanh,eExamination Committee2 aBelgian Technical Cooperation (BTC), Vietnam,eScholarship donor2 aAsian Institute of Technology.tThesis ;vno. EV-09-11  3Full-Textuhttp://203.159.5.9/ait-thesis/detail.php?q=B02452