04839nas a2200265 a 450000500170000000800410001703500150005810000290007324502010010226000670030330000190037049000270038950001030041650200570051952035120057665000480408865000340413665000400417070000340421070000430424470000490428771001120433681000590444885600660450720260818175016.0100106s2002    th uu|m rtt   0|  a1eng d  a.b120715230 aSarunya Lormaneenopparat14aThe prospects of mitigating the urban heat island effect in Bangkok through appropriate landscape design :ba case study of public parks and their surroundings in Pathumwan and Klongtoey Districts  aPathum Thani, Thailand :bAsian Institute of Technology,c2002  a121 p. :bill.1 aThesis ;vno. UE-01-24  aA thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the  degree of Master of Science  aThesis (M.Sc.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2002  aThe use of energy for cooling, lighting, transportation and other functions increase with urbanization. This leads to many urban environmental problems out of which air pollution, global warming and the most severe. The concentration of emitted heat in pockets surrounding highly urbanized areas is known as "Urban Heat Island Effect". It has been revealed that inner city area with congested urban activities such as Central Business District areas. It has is also been revealed that the temperature inner city areas rise with the replacement of open space with more and more high rise buildings and hard paving. This phenomenon has lead to hypothesis that the urban heat island effect can be mitigated by introducing more open space and soft landscaped area in the city.  Presently, the role of such spaces is limited only to recreational purposes in most cities. This study attempt explores the possibility of widening their roles for mitigating the urban heat island effect. The study is based on an experiment carried out in three different size and characteristics of open spaces located in the CBD zone of Bangkok. Temperature measurements were taken at pre- determined grid points inside the open space as well as at 100 m. x 100 m. from the center of each park about 600 to 700 m. range outside the same during the hottest period (March -April) of the year. Analysis data obtained using Geographic Information System (GIS) program reveal that big parks are more influence to make their surrounding cooler and cool elements as water body, open grass, and tree mass can reduce heat especially inside urban parks about 3-5 0c. And we can demonstrate how open space effect to cool their surrounding that discovered and run through by spatial analysis process by GIS program. The coolest element is water body while open space is also cooler surface elements. Both of them can reduce heat if their proportion areas are increasing. But mass of tree is not significant with area sizes. However, if there are combine with open space, they will be cooler areas. While hot surface elements are high rise and low rise buildings and pavements. Temperature increases if pavement and building area increase. And high rise buildings are hotter than low rise building areas in some cases. The hottest areas are in parking lots in crowed commercial area and in administration areas.  So we can looking for some prorate proportion of land coverage and we can propose guideline for urban climate plan to mitigate heat effect that related with park and open space role from micro-scale as back yards in residents, community parks, until meso-scale as urban parks scale. And park or other open spaces should be concern with some factors such as their inside elements, locations, and boundaries and wind orientation to make more cool benefit to their surrounding. In addition, BMA should promote water and green linkage and open space objectives especially for cooling urban systems. Moreover BMA should be promoted cool community, limit hard pavements, enlarge urban street by Right of Way (R.O.W.) role and increase more shading such as parking lot, and roof garden by Open Space Ratio (OSR), Floor Area Ratio (F.A.R.). Then it can be generated cool atmosphere to inside high-density buildings, along the streets and canals inner city. Therefore these cool urban plans should be approached in term of physical, environmental and political aspects by urban environment management to migrate urban heat effect in Bangkok 0aSustainable architecturezThailandzBangkok 0aUrban heatzThailandzBangkok 0aLandscape designzThailandzBangkok0 aRanjith Perera, eChairperson1 aN.T. Kim Oanh, eExamination committee0 aBanasopit Mekvichai, eExamination committee2 aCanadian International Development Agency/ Canadian University Consortium (CIDA - CUC), eScholarship Donor2 aAsian Institute of Technology.tThesis ;vno. UE-01-24  3Full-Textuhttp://203.159.5.9/ait-thesis/detail.php?q=B04159