000 05976nas a2200457 a 4500
005 20260818094441.0
008 100204s2009 th uu|m rtt 0| a1eng d
035 _a.b12072631
099 9 _aAIT Diss. no.EV-09-04
100 0 _aNapaporn Leadprathom
245 1 0 _aEcological risk assessment of organochlorine pesticides in sediment :
_ba case study of the Chanthaburi Estuary
260 _aPathum Thani, Thailand :
_bAsian Institute of Technology,
_c2009
300 _a122 p. :
_bill.
490 1 _aDissertation ;
_vno. EV-09-04
500 _aA dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctoral of Philosophy in Environmental Engineering and Management Inter-University Program on Environmental Toxicology, Technology and Management
502 _aThesis (Ph.D.) - Asian Institute of Technology - Chulabhorn Research Institute - Mahidol University, 2009
520 _aThe Chanthaburi River of Thailand is surrounded by vast agricultural areas at its upstream whereas the downstream connecting with the estuary in which intensive aquaculture become wide spread. Such activities have been practiced for over two decades. It is believed that mixtures of toxic compounds, especially those of persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) used for pest control in the farm lands might have been drifted and transferred into the river and further trapped by the sediment within the estuary. This sediment could pose potential harm to aquatic biota in the estuary area particularly through resuspension as a result of dredging of sediment. However, information of OCPs in the area is limited in terms of their behavior and toxicity for native aquatic species. Therefore, this study attempts to determine distribution of OCPs residues in the study area for determination of their environmental risks. Ecological risk was assessed on predominating OCPs in water and sediment by using the safety value from the native shrimp (Penaeus monodon) larva toxicity test and published guidelines. Additionally, OCPs removal from sediment by low density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic pellets was conducted to estimate its potential for OCPs clean up. In water samples, out of twenty OCPs determined, endosulfan and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) are the two compounds which predominated in a narrow range from 0.6-13 ng/L and 1-12 ng/L, respectively. Both compounds were found to have higher concentrations during the wet season. The two insecticides also had significant correlation with total organic carbon (TOC) in the water, with the r values of 0.571 (P<0.05) and 0.440 (P<O.1), for endosulfan and HCHs respectively suggesting that these chemicals are strongly bound and concentrated in organic carbon in the water. Endosulfan and HCHs were found to reside more in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and in the surface sediment (0-5 cm) with an average range from 25-1,219 ug/kg dry wt and 19-110 ug/kg dry wt for SPM, 4-70 ug/kg dry wt and 0.5-50 ug/kg dry wt for surface sediment, respectively; even though these chemicals have been banned in Thailand. Oyster, sea bass and shrimp from selected farms cultured at the study area seemed to uptake both endosulfan and HCHs in proportion to levels present in the water and SPM. The range of endosulfan and HCHs observed were 4-46 ug/kg wet wt and nd-8 ug/kg wet wt in oysters, 0.6-8 ug/kg wet wt and nd-7 ug/kg wet wt in seabass, nd-2.7 ug/kg wet wt and 2-13 ug/kg wet wt in shrimp. The findings from ERA (ecological risk assessment) conducted indicates that several stations had endosulfan and HCHs levels in sediments that exceeded the published guideline and the estimated safety value from the shrimp toxicity test. Thus, risks might be anticipated from dredging. However, the water body currently do not pose a risk. Low density polyethylene (LDPE) plastic pellets have the potential to remove endosulfan, which is the predominant OCPs found in sediment in this study. Results from the equilibrium study of endosulfan removal by LDPE pellets in different time intervals showed that LDPE could remove endosulfan from sediment, reaching to equilibrium within 72 hours. The removal efficiency of endosulfan was found between 44-67% in 1 cycle of removal at different concentrations studied (0.6, 1.2, 6 and 13 mg/kg). Since the study was estuarine, the effect of salinity gradients (3, 17 and 30 ppt) on endosulfan removal from sediment by LDPE pellets was evaluated. The findings indicated that at the three levels of salinity studied, endosulfan removal efficiency was quite similar (55-57%)
650 0 _aOrganochlorine compounds
650 0 _aPesticides
_xEnvironmental aspects
_zThailand
_zChanthaburi Estuary
650 0 _aPesticides
_xRisk assessment
_zThailand
_zChanthaburi Estaury
700 0 _aPreeda Pakpian,
_eChairperson
700 0 _aJutamaad Sattayavivad,
_eCo-Chairperson
700 0 _aChongrak Polprasert,
_eExamination Committee
700 1 _aSettachan, Daam,
_eExamination committee
700 1 _aIkejima, Kou,
_eExamination Commitee
710 2 _aChulabhorn Research Institute,
_eScholarship donor
710 2 _aMahidol University,
_eScholarship donor
710 2 _aRoyal Thai Government Fellowship,
_eScholarship donor
810 2 _aAsian Institute of Technology.
_tDissertation ;
_vno. EV-09-04
856 _3Full-Text
_uhttp://203.159.5.9/ait-thesis/detail.php?q=B00551
907 _a.b12072631
_bmnait
_cu
902 _a240329
998 _b0
_c100204
_dm
_ea
_fu
_g0
945 _lmnait
945 _lmnarc
942 _c22
942 _c40
909 _aBarcode : 30050120725642
_bCREATED : 2012-08-16
_cRECORD # : i1268742x
_dLPATRON : 1024676
_eLCHKIN : 2013-10-31
_f# RENEWALS : 0
_g# OVERDUE : 0
_hIUSE3 : 0
_iTOT CHKOUT : 1
_jTOT RENEW : 0
909 _aBarcode : 30050160004189
_bCREATED : 2016-09-02
_cRECORD # : i12879046
_dLPATRON : 0
_eLCHKIN : -
_f# RENEWALS : 0
_g# OVERDUE : 0
_hIUSE3 : 0
_iTOT CHKOUT : 0
_jTOT RENEW : 0
999 _c32737
_d32737