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035			_a.b11847086
099		9	_aAIT Thesis no. ET-01-5
100	1		_aSharma, Khageswar
245	1	3	_aAn econometric study of energy, economic output and environmental relationships : _ba cointegration approach
260			_aBangkok : _bAsian Institute of Technology, _c2001
300			_a143 leaves
490	1		_aThesis ; _vno. ET-01-5
500			_aA thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Engineering, School of Environment, Resources and Development
502			_aThesis (M.Eng.) - Asian Institute of Technology, 2001
520			_aThe specific objective of the study was to investigate the relationships between aggregate energy requirements, different categories of energy consumption, C02 emissions with economic output and demand for diesel, gasoline and electricity using the cointegration technique for the econometric analysis. The causality effect indicates mixed relationships between different categories of fuel and economic output for countries at different stags of development. The causal effects run from both electricity and oil to GDP for China, India implying its growth policy would enhance economic growth; vice versa for Pakistan and Thailand for electricity and with feed back effects for Malaysia for electricity and oil for Thailand. The newly emerging economies of Korea, Singapore and Philippines indicate no effects for electricity and oil. Coal Granger causes GDP for all the countries with feed back effect for India, Korea and Philippines except for the non-importing and exporting countries. Curtailing its consumption running from energy to GDP would have an affect on the economic growth. The neutral relationship gives more scope for drastic energy conservation measure without adverse impacts on economic growth. The diesel and electricity demand was price inelastic and over pricing may not effect conservation given the present trend. The price was more elastic for gasoline than diesel and the consumption can be controlled by taxes. The income was elastic for all the categories of energy demand and more than unity except for few countries for gasoline. The estimate indicates that the relationships between C02 emissions and economic output consistent results whether economic out are measured at market exchange rate or purchasing power parity basis for the larger economies and single indexing of emissions for each country would be controversial as the size and development stage of the economies are different. The indexing to variables would be better suited for the larger economies than smaller ones. There exist long-term equilibrium for the variables of C02 emissions per capita and income at MER and PPP for China, India, Philippines and Thailand even with the GDP term showed similar results. The hypothesis of diminishing returns to scale of energy use was accepted for most countries but rejected for few countries while considering the commercial fuels only. The analysis was done for individual countries rather than on pooled cross-countries data. Even for some industrialized countries showed trend of diminishing returns to energy use. The price and income elasticity was found different for Btu and Divisia methods of energy aggregation using the same functional forms. The causality effects between income, price and aggregate requirement based on weighted average methods of aggregation indicates price and energy Granger causes income for India and Korea and price having additional effects on energy consumption for the latter and Taiwan. Unidirectional effects were detected from income to energy for Malaysia and vice versa for Philippines. The effect implies that given a shock to the system, the variables will affect the other in the long run. Energy growth policy would lead to economic growth for Philippines, Korea and India and vice versa for Malaysia and more scope exists for energy conservation without adverse effect on economic output for Taiwan and Malaysia.
650	1	0	_aPower resources _xEconometric models
700	1		_aShrestha, Ram M., _eChairperson
700	1		_aLefevre, Thierry, _eExamination Committee
700	1		_aShivakoti, Ganesh P., _eExamination Committee
710	2		_aGovernment of Japan, _eScholarship donor
810	2		_aAsian Institute of Technology. _tThesis ; _vno. ET-01-5
856			_3Full-Text _uhttp://203.159.5.9/ait-thesis/detail.php?q=B08022
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